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Learn about diabetes including Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes & Gestational Diabetes.
Diabetes - Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes. Diabetes is a common group of chronic metabolic diseases that cause high blood sugar (glucose) levels in the body due to defects in insulin production and/or function. Insulin is a hormone released by the pancreas when we eat food. Insulin allows sugar to go from the blood into the cells. If the cells of the body are not using insulin well, or if the body is unable to make any or enough insulin, sugar builds up in the blood. Symptoms include excessive thirst, hunger, and urination; fatigue; slow- healing sores or cuts; and blurry vision.
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If diabetes develops quickly, as happens with type 1 diabetes, people may also experience quick weight loss. If diabetes develops slowly, as in type 2 diabetes, people may not be diagnosed until symptoms of longer- term problems appear, such as a heart attack or pain, numbness, and tingling in the feet. Long- term complications of diabetes can include kidney failure, nerve damage, and blindness. Diabetes is categorized into categories: Type 1 Diabetes. This type of diabetes is categorized as an autoimmune disease and occurs when the body’s misdirected immune system attacks and destroys insulin- producing beta cells in the pancreas.
Gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy (gestation). It causes high blood sugar that can affect your pregnancy and your baby's health. Learn about risks. The use of Metformin for gestational diabetes where dietary & exercise changes are not enough to lower blood sugar levels is common in the UK. Gestational Diabetes Guide. Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar (glucose) levels during pregnancy. It happens in about 4% of pregnancies. Gestational diabetes, which causes higher than normal blood sugar levels to be present, occurs during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes testing usually occurs between. Insulin is a hormone whose job is to enable glucose (sugar) in the bloodstream to enter the cells of the body, where sugar is the source of energy. All fetuses.
Gestational diabetes occurs when you have hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels) during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes usually develops in the third trimester. If you have gestational diabetes, you should know about insulin, glucose, and ketones. When you eat, your body breaks down foods into usable sources of energy.
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Although genetic or environmental triggers are suspected, the exact cause of type 1 diabetes is not completely understood. Type 1 accounts for only five to 1. United States, and while it can occur at any age, most patients are diagnosed as children or young adults.
People with type 1 diabetes must take insulin daily to manage their condition. Type 2 Diabetes. This type of diabetes most often develops gradually with age and is characterized by insulin resistance in the body. For reasons not yet totally understood, the cells of the body stop being able to use insulin effectively. Because of this resistance, the body’s fat, liver, and muscle cells are unable to take in and store glucose, which is used for energy.
The glucose remains in the blood. The abnormal buildup of glucose (blood sugar), called hyperglycemia, impairs body functions. Type 2 diabetes occurs most often in people who are overweight and sedentary, two things thought to lead to insulin resistance. Family history and genetics play a major role in type 2 diabetes. Gestational Diabetes.
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Gestational diabetes is defined as blood- sugar elevation during pregnancy; it is known to affect about three to eight percent of women. Left undiagnosed or untreated, it can lead to problems such as high birth weight and breathing problems for the baby. All pregnant women are tested for gestational diabetes at between 2. Gestational diabetes usually resolves in the mother after the baby is born, but statistics show that women who have gestational diabetes have a much greater chance of developing type 2 diabetes within five to 1.
Prediabetes Although prediabetes is not technically diabetes, some experts now consider it to be the first step to type 2 diabetes. This condition is marked by blood sugar levels that are too high to be considered normal but are not yet high enough to be in the range of a typical diabetes diagnosis. Prediabetes increases not only your risk of developing diabetes but also your risk of heart disease and stroke.
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Gestational Diabetes Gestational diabetes occurs when you have hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels) during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes usually develops in the third trimester (between 2. Women who develop gestational diabetes during pregnancy are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes later on in life. Finding. out you have gestational diabetes can be very frightening as not only do. Fortunately, as with all types of diabetes, there. The more. you know, the easier it is to accept and make the necessary changes for.
How did I get gestational diabetes? Somewhere. between 2.
If you were. at greater risk for getting gestational diabetes, your doctor may have. You may think this is too late in your. Hormonal changes and insulin It is the hormonal changes (hormones. Insulin is needed to take the sugar from your blood and move it into your. If your body cannot make this amount of insulin, sugar. This is gestational diabetes. How common is gestational diabetes?
Gestational. diabetes means diabetes mellitus (high blood sugar) first found during. It occurs in 3- 5% of all pregnancies (in other. Gestational diabetes is a form of diabetes that comes on during pregnancy. It is believed to affect as much as 1 in 7 pregnant women.
Often diabetes will go away after your pregnancy but can come back later on in life as type 2 diabetes. The most common risk factors for gestational diabetes are as follows: BMI over 3. Having previously had a baby weighing 1. If a close relative has had type 2 or gestational diabetes If your ethnic background is South Asian, Middle Eastern or African- Caribbean.
Your is high if you have had gestational diabetes previously. Because keeping blood sugar levels in check during pregnancy is very important, you should receive an antenatal screening for gestational diabetes which will pick up any abnormalities in blood sugar levels. Should diabetes come on between screening appointments, the symptoms may be recognised as feeling thirsty; having a dry mouth, needing to frequently urinate, tiredness, having yeast infections. For the majority of women, a change of diet and getting more exercise will be enough to control gestational diabetes.
For others, a form of medication such as tablets or even insulin may be required to keep blood sugar levels under control. As part of your treatment, you will need to monitor your blood glucose levels at various times through the day. Having well controlled diabetes however will greatly improve your chances of a successful birth and healthy child. In most cases, gestational diabetes is managed by diet and exercise and.
Very few women with gestational diabetes. If you do need insulin. Gestational. diabetes should not be taken lightly. Immediate risks to the mother and fetus are very real; however, these risks can be minimized with good care. Ante- natal. care.
Ante- natal care should be hospital- based, from a multi- disciplinary. Individualise insulin regimens and recommend 4- times daily glucose.
Aim to maintain glucose 4- 7 mmol/L and Hb. A1c within the normal. Remember insulin requirements increase progressively from the. Hypoglycemia and loss of awareness is common in early pregnancy. All women should. Encourage slightly higher blood glucose levels than during pregnancy.
Discuss contraception while the patient is still in hospital. All women should be seen by the diabetes pregnancy care team six weeks. Explore Gestational Diabetes. Join the Diabetes Newsletter.