I developed a breast abscess after I returned to work full time when my daughter India was 10 months old. I had mastitis my 4th day back, and then a recurrent plug. You can start brushing your baby's teeth as soon as they start to come through. Use a baby toothbrush with a tiny smear of fluoride toothpaste. Don't worry if you don. Table 1: Comparison of fluoride dose causing bone cancer with doses used to test other suspected carcinogens and their Maximum Contaminant Levels (back to main text). A dental hygienist from Ohio has been jailed after biting her husband whilst having sex. Jennifer Rahe Hickman, 42, was arrested on Sunday at a hotel in Key West. A mother who has wisdom tooth surgery should not need to interrupt breastfeeding at all (except during the surgery, of course). To minimize baby’s exposure (and.
Breastfeeding and diet - Pregnancy and baby guide. You don't need to eat anything special while you're breastfeeding. But it's a good idea for you, just like everyone else, to eat a healthy diet. A healthy diet includes: at least five portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables a day, including fresh, frozen, tinned and dried fruit and vegetables, and no more than one 1. See more detailed advice about healthy eating. Small amounts of what you're eating and drinking can pass to your baby through your breast milk.
If you think a food you're eating is affecting your baby and they're unsettled, talk to your GP or health visitor, or contact the National Breastfeeding Helpline on 0. Vitamins and breastfeeding. Everyone, including pregnant and breastfeeding women, should consider taking a daily supplement containing 1.
D. From late March/April to the end of September, the majority of people aged five years and above will probably get enough vitamin D from sunlight when they are outdoors. So you might choose not to take a vitamin D supplement during these months You can get all the other vitamins and minerals you need by eating a varied and balanced diet.
Ask your GP or health visitor where to get vitamin D supplements. You may be able to get free vitamin supplements without a prescription if you're eligible for Healthy Start. You're entitled to free NHS prescriptions for 1. You will need to show a valid maternity exemption certificate to prove your entitlement. If you did not apply for a maternity exemption certificate while you were pregnant, you can still apply at any time in the 1. Healthy snack ideas for breastfeeding mums The following snacks are quick and simple to make, and will give you energy and strength: fresh fruit sandwiches filled with salad, grated cheese, mashed salmon or cold meat yoghurts and fromage frais hummus with bread or vegetable sticks ready- to- eat dried apricots, figs or prunes vegetable and bean soups fortified unsweetened breakfast cereals, muesli and other wholegrain cereals with milk milky drinks or a 1.
Healthy Start vouchers. You can get Healthy Start vouchers if you're pregnant or have a young child under four and are getting certain benefits or tax credits, or you're pregnant and under 1. These can be spent on milk and fresh or frozen fruit and vegetables, or they can be put towards formula milk if you're not breastfeeding. You can't use vouchers to buy fruit and veg with added fat, sugar and salt or flavourings, such as oven chips and seasoned stir fries. You can also get Healthy Start vouchers for free vitamin supplements.
MSN Health and Fitness has fitness, nutrition and medical information for men and women that will help you get active, eat right and improve your overall wellbeing. Is Having Dental Work During Pregnancy Safe? Pregnancy and dental work questions are common for expecting moms. Preventive dental cleanings and annual exams during.
For more information or an application leaflet, visit the Healthy Start website, or call the helpline on 0. If you're already receiving Healthy Start vouchers, ask your midwife or health visitor where you can exchange the vouchers for vitamins.
Eating fish while breastfeeding. Eating fish is good for your health and your baby's, but while you are breastfeeding you should have no more than two portions of oily fish a week. A portion is around 1. Oily fish includes fresh mackerel, sardines, trout and tuna, but not canned tuna, as the good fats are lost in the canning process. All adults should also eat no more than one portion a week of shark, swordfish or marlin. See more about eating fish while pregnant or breastfeeding.
Abstract Background. There is extensive evidence of important health risks for infants and mothers related to not breastfeeding. In 2003, the World Health.
Caffeine and breastfeeding. Caffeine can reach your baby through your breast milk and may keep them awake. Caffeine occurs naturally in lots of foods and drinks, including coffee, tea and chocolate. It's also added to some soft drinks and energy drinks, as well as some cold and flu remedies.
Caffeine is a stimulant and can make your baby restless. It's a good idea for pregnant and breastfeeding women to restrict their caffeine intake to less than 3. Try decaffeinated tea and coffee, herbal teas, 1. Avoid energy drinks, which can be very high in caffeine.
Peanuts and breastfeeding. If you'd like to eat peanuts or foods containing peanuts, such as peanut butter, while breastfeeding, you can do so as part of a healthy, balanced diet (unless, of course, you are allergic to them).
There's no clear evidence that eating peanuts while breastfeeding affects your baby's chances of developing a peanut allergy. If you have any questions or concerns, you can talk to your GP, midwife or health visitor. See more about food allergies. Got a breastfeeding question? Sign into Facebook and message the Start.
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Support for healthy breastfeeding mothers with healthy term babies - Renfrew - 2. The Cochrane Library. The main purpose of this review was to analyse the impact of the intervention, extra breastfeeding support, compared with usual maternity care, with the purpose of facilitating continued breastfeeding. We included studies if the intervention occurred in the postnatal period alone or if it also included an antenatal component.
We excluded interventions taking place in the antenatal period alone, as well as interventions described as solely educational in nature. Primary outcomes were recorded for stopping any or exclusive breastfeeding before four to six weeks and at the last assessment up to six months Other outcomes of interest were stopping breastfeeding at other time points, measures of neonatal and infant morbidity (where available) and measures of maternal satisfaction with care or feeding method. Results of the search. In the previous version of this review (Britton 2. In this updated version, we assessed 2. We have included 6. Three studies are still ongoing (Bonuck 2.
Eneroth 2. 00. 7; Patel 2. Nunes 2. 01. 1) and we hope to include results from these in future updates (see. Characteristics of studies awaiting classification, Characteristics of ongoing studies and Characteristics of studies awaiting classification tables for more information about these trials). Of the 6. 7 studies that we assessed as eligible for inclusion, 5. One of these trials reported results in three African countries, and in the data and analysis tables we have entered data for each country separately and have completed three Characteristics of included studies tables as there were some differences between the three countries in the characteristics of women recruited, and the way the intervention was delivered (Tylleskar 2. Tylleskar 2. 01. 1b; Tylleskar 2.
We have not included outcome data from 1. Aidam 2. 00. 5; Anderson 2. Ellis 1. 98. 4; Gross 1. Hall 1. 97. 8; Khresheh 2. Mc. Keever 2. 00. Redman 1. 99. 5; Wambach 2. Wolfberg 2. 00. 4).
We have not included data from a further five trials as data were not reported in a way that allowed us to enter them into Rev. Man 2. 01. 1 (e. g.
The total number of mother- infant pairs in these studies is 5. Britton 2. 00. 7).
The 5. 2 studies were published/conducted between 1. The data in this review come from participants living in 2. Using the World Bank classification of countries by income (http: //data. Oct 2. 01. 1): two studies with 2. Bangladesh, Haider 2. Burkina Faso and Uganda, Tylleskar 2. Tylleskar 2. 01. 1b); two studies with 1.
India, Bhandari 2. Syria, Bashour 2.
Belarus, Kramer 2. Brazil, Albernaz 2. Barros 1. 99. 4; Coutinho 2. Oliveira 2. 00. 6; Leite 2. Santiago 2. 00. 3; and Vitolo 2. Iran, Froozani 1.
Mexico, Morrow 1. Turkey, Aksu 2. 01.
South Africa, Tylleskar 2. Australia, Mc. Donald 2. Quinlivan 2. 00. 3; Canada, Dennis 2. Gagnon 2. 00. 2; Lynch 1.
Mongeon 1. 99. 5; Porteous 2. Mc. Queen 2. 01. 1; Denmark, Kronborg 2.
France, Labarere 2. Italy, Di Napoli 2. Netherlands, Kools 2. Singapore, Su 2. 00. Sweden, Sjolin 1. Ekstrom 2. 00. 6; UK, Graffy 2. Hoddinott 2. 00. 9; Jones 1.
Jenner 1. 98. 8; Morrell 2. Muirhead 2. 00. 6; Sinclair 2. Winterburn 2. 00. US, Brent 1. 99. 5; Bonuck 2.
Bunik 2. 00. 7; Chapman 2. Di Meglio 2. 01. 0; Frank 1. Grossman 1. 99. 0; Hopkinson 2. Petrova 2. 00. 9; Pugh 1. Pugh 2. 00. 2; Pugh 2.
Serafino- Cross 1. Wrenn 1. 99. 7). 1 Note: The study by Tylleskar et al (Tylleskar 2. Tylleskar 2. 01. 1b; Tylleskar 2. World Bank category. In this review, we have entered data into the analyses separately for each country. Methods used in trials. The 5. 2 studies include 4.
Participants and setting. Socio- economic and health status. Participants were women from the general healthy population of their countries. However, 1. 9 of the 5. These 1. 9 studies include 1. US studies, with two other studies from high- income countries (Jones 1.
Quinlivan 2. 00. 3), three of the studies from Brazil (Barros 1. Coutinho 2. 00. 5; Vitolo 2.
In one of these (Haider 2. Bangladesh), participants were mainly of lower- middle and low socio- economic status.
In the other (Tylleskar 2. Tylleskar 2. 01. 1b; Tylleskar 2. Saharan Africa, with those in one country (Uganda) from low- income groups within that country. With regard to health of the general population of countries, this author notes local HIV prevalence rates of 1. South Africa study sites; during recruitment, women who had not been HIV tested were encouraged to visit the antenatal clinic, and those who disclosed HIV positive status were recruited into another study. Background rates of breastfeeding initiation/“ever breastfed”Among the 5.
World Bank country income group shows an inverse relationship with background rates of breastfeeding initiation (. All the studies with intermediate (6. Nine of the 1. 1 studies with low background rates recruited women from low- income groups in the US (Brent 1. Bonuck 2. 00. 5; Bunik 2. Chapman 2. 00. 4; Di Meglio 2. Frank 1. 98. 7; Grossman 1.
Pugh 2. 00. 2; Serafino- Cross 1. UK) studies were from areas of Scotland with lower breastfeeding initiation rates than the Scottish average (Hoddinott 2. Muirhead 2. 00. 6). All the country income groups are represented among the 2. Where background rates of “ever breastfed” were not reported, we have used rates published in The WHO Global Data Bank on Infant and Young Child Feeding http: //www. Scotland (Hoddinott 2.
Muirhead 2. 00. 6), we used http: //www. November 2. 01. 1). Hospital (Baby Friendly) and community settings. Twenty- two of the 5. Five of the 2. 2 hospital- based studies were set in hospitals with Baby Friendly accreditation (Aksu 2.
Chapman 2. 00. 4; Coutinho 2. Oliveira 2. 00. 6; Sinclair 2. Thirty studies were conducted in community settings only.
In one of these (Kronborg 2. Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative, and three of them were certified as Baby Friendly. In another (Hoddinott 2. In the intervention group, the number of localities in which the hospital where most women gave birth had the Baby Friendly award was three before the intervention and four after the intervention. In the control group, the corresponding numbers were four localities before and six after the intervention. Interventions. Level of the intervention. In 4. 5/5. 2 studies, women received the intervention.
In six studies (three cluster- randomised trials; Bhandari 2. Ekstrom 2. 00. 6; and Kramer 2. Labarere 2. 00. 5; Santiago 2. Sinclair 2. 00. 7), the intervention was additional training in breastfeeding support for staff. One cluster- randomised trial (Hoddinott 2. Breastfeeding support: proactive/indirect.
In 4. 1/4. 5 of the studies where women received the intervention and five of the six studies of staff training, breastfeeding support was delivered directly to women. In five other studies (Graffy 2. Hoddinott 2. 00. 9; Labarere 2.
Morrell 2. 00. 0; Winterburn 2. One study (Kools 2. One- to- one/group support. In 4. 8/5. 2 studies there was individual, one- to- one contact between the breastfeeding supporter and the breastfeeding mother. One study (Hoddinott 2. Ekstrom 2. 00. 6) offered both individual and group support, and in two studies this aspect of support was unclear (Kools 2. Kramer 2. 00. 1).
Breastfeeding support from professional/ lay supporters. In the previous edition of this review, the people providing breastfeeding support were categorised as 'professional', 'lay and professional' or 'lay'.
Using those categories, the 5. In view of the growing body of work evaluating breastfeeding peer support, we have distinguished between this and other kinds of lay support, following the definition by Dennis 2. Peer support is provided by lay individuals who are not part of the client’s own embedded network, who possess experiential knowledge of the targeted behaviour (i. In eight of these, the lay people were peer supporters (Chapman 2. Dennis 2. 00. 2; Di Meglio 2.
Haider 2. 00. 0; Leite 2. Morrow 1. 99. 9; Muirhead 2. Tylleskar 2. 01. 1a; Tylleskar 2. Tylleskar 2. 01. 1c).
The other five studies (Aksu 2. Coutinho 2. 00. 5; Graffy 2. Jenner 1. 98. 8; Mongeon 1. Dennis 2. 00. 2) for us to classify them as peer supporters. Training in breastfeeding support. Overall, 3. 6/5. 2 studies report that the people providing breastfeeding support had additional training to provide breastfeeding support (2. Sixteen of the 2.
In eight studies, the training was specific to the study (Bashour 2. Oliveira 2. 00. 6; Ekstrom 2. Labarere 2. 00. 5; Mc.
Donald 2. 01. 0; Santiago 2. Sinclair 2. 00. 7; Vitolo 2.
In five of the remaining eight studies professionals had WHO/Unicef training for 1. Di Napoli 2. 00. 4; Kramer 2. Kronborg 2. 00. 7) or 4. Albernaz 2. 00. 3; Froozani 1. International Board Certified Lactation Consultants (IBCLC) (Brent 1. Petrova 2. 00. 9; Pugh 1.
In one of the studies of support from professionals and paraprofessionals, the professionals were lactation consultants (Kools 2. Morrell 2. 00. 0); in both these studies the para- professionals were trained to refer women with breastfeeding problems to the professionals.
Two of the four studies of support from professionals and peers reported training; in Bhandari 2. WHO- based training, and in Hopkinson 2.
IBCLCs and the peer supporters had three days training in lactation management, 2. One of the three studies study of professional and lay support states lay supporters received breastfeeding support training (Barros 1.
All eight studies of peer support (alone) reported peer supporters were trained. The training was WHO 2. Leite 2. 00. 5), 4. Haider 2. 00. 0) or one week (Tylleskar 2. La Leche League (LLL) 3. Chapman 2. 00. 4), 2. Di Meglio 2. 01. 0) and length not specified (Morrow 1.
Two studies reported the length but not the type of training; 2. Dennis 2. 00. 2) and more than two days (Muirhead 2. Three of the five studies of lay support (alone) reported breastfeeding training; WHO 1.
Coutinho 2. 00. 5), WHO 1. Aksu 2. 01. 1) and National Childbirth Trust training (Graffy 2.